The South Korean military rapidly developed during the Korean War, suffering enormous casualties and loss of equipment. The outbreak of the Korean War caught the ROK forces unprepared, requiring the United Nations to intervene with US-led forces. The National Defense Force was established on January 15, 1946, replacing the United States lead constabulary from 1945. In addition, some Nationalist Chinese and former soldiers of the Manchukuo Imperial Army also contributed to the force. The National Security Guard was initially a reserve unit of the National Police. This organization was created during the United States-led occupation period from 1945 to 1948. The National Security Guard of South Korea was originally formed out of the ROK Army. It commemorates the day during the Korean War when units of the ROK Army first crossed the 38th Parallel, thus leading the UN coalition into North Korean territory for the first time. The 1st of every October is celebrated in South Korea as Armed Forces Day. The Republic of Korea Army traces its lineage back to the Gwangmu Reform, when the Pyŏlgigun was established by Emperor Gojong in 1881. ROKA soldiers with a 57 mm anti-tank gun during the Korean War, 1950
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